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89 bars to psi1/11/2024 ![]() Also, coolant expelled from the heater core as vapor could cause fogging of the interior surfaces of the windows, reducing visibility and the driver's ability to control the vehicle. In some cases, the coolant could contact an occupant and cause skin injury. If a crack were to form or a seam were to separate in the heater core end piece, hot coolant could suddenly be expelled. If the indications (e.g., movement of coolant temperature gauge needle into red zone) of such a critical overheating condition are not heeded by the driver, and if, in addition, the vehicle is operated under high-load conditions such that the elevated pressure cannot be adequately relieved, it is possible that damage to, or failure of, a coolant system component could occur. The malfunction or failure of a coolant system component, such as a thermostat, water pump or fan belt, can result in significantly increased coolant temperature and system pressure. The coolant system is composed of a number of components that are exposed to continuous thermal and mechanical loading. has voluntarily initiated a safety recall campaign that involves the coolant system of the affected vehicles. There was a recall: Subject: Rad Cap Recall TSB 170198 was issued in October 1998. Both of those housing styles are poorly designed, and will push coolant out of the cap at high RPM. In street car applications, an upright radiator (top and bottom tanks, with the cap on the top tank) represents a compromise that will work, as long as the car is not operated at sustained high RPM, like those seen in racing.Īny aftermarket thermostat housing that mounts the radiator cap directly above the thermostat location, or that mount the radiator cap in the top coolant hose, are NOT recommended. Air in the system will then migrate to the area just below the radiator cap, again so that it will forced out first if system pressure exceeds the radiator cap's rating. The surge tank is also large enough to allow the air to separate as the coolant flows through it. The bleed line allows some circulation through the tank while the engine is running. A 1/4" to 3/8" "bleed" line from the side of the surge tank is connected to the highest point of the low pressure side of the radiator. ![]() The bottom of the tank is connected to the inlet side of the water pump with a 1/2" or 3/4" line. A surge tank is typically a 1 quart tank mounted at the highest point of the system, with the radiator cap on top. The cap is located on the low pressure (suction) side of the system, so it is unaffected by the pressure generated by the water pump.įor cooling systems NOT using a cross flow radiator, mounted higher than the engine, you must use a surge tank.This area has the lowest velocity within the system, allowing air to separate from coolant even at high engine RPM.In the event the cap vents due to excessive pressure, the air will escape first. The cap is at the highest point of the system, allowing any air to migrate to the area just below the cap.The radiator cap should always be located at the highest point of the cooling system, and on the low pressure side (after the radiator core).Cross flow radiators mounted higher than the engine are ideal because the cap is on the tank that is connected to the water pump inlet. If you are unsure of the pressure rating for your radiator, check with the manufacturer for the maximum recommended operating pressure. The radiator cap is basically a "safety valve", so always use the highest pressure radiator cap that the radiator will tolerate. Once the radiator cap has opened and vented coolant, the engine will not cool down until it has been turned off. ![]() However, if the engine does overheat due to external factors, the pressure inside the cooling system could reach as high as 28 PSI. ![]() The coolant will typically only build to 16-18 PSI, due to expansion up to 200☏. In general, performance radiators will accept 22-24 PSI, and professional racing radiators will accept a 29-31 PSI. We recommend using a radiator cap with the highest pressure rating that the radiator is designed to accept. Higher coolant pressures also transfer heat from the cylinder heads more efficiently. In a cooling system, a higher pressure equates to a higher boiling point for the coolant. The link there to Steward pumps tech tips does not work anymore, therefore copied here: "the actual pressure is based on the operating temperature up to the limit of the pressure cap, which is almost never reached in normal use"."Our systems run around 1 bar under normal conditions" was said here
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